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Contest shines a light on the Ndebele matrilineal culture of home painting

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BY TENDAI MARIMA

MATOBO – Peggy Masuku put the finishing touches on the welcome sign to her homestead in Matabeleland South’s Matobo district.

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She surveyed her handiwork, six months of designing and painting her huts in anticipation of an annual competition, My Beautiful Home, which recognises the most beautiful traditionally decorated homes in the district.

It was a one-woman effort – with some with some constructive criticism from her husband – to decorate the homestead’s huts in patterns of brown, black, red and grey.

Adorned, they stood out among the orange and lemon trees and the rock garden dotted with native aloes and cactus plants.

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In Ndebele culture, hut decoration is solely a women’s duty and the secrets of the traditional patterns and the making of natural paints have been passed from one generation to the next for hundreds of years.

As a young girl, Masuku learnt how to design patterns and paint huts from her mother.

Now she only designs what she feels. “I listen to the walls as I work and I feel like they tell me what sort of shape I must put,” she said.

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“There’s a feeling you get when you create art and that’s what guides me as I put designs on the walls.”

The My Beautiful Home awards started in 2014 with just 30 entrants.

When the competition began, its purpose was to document and preserve the local Ndebele tribe’s tradition of painting homes.

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In recent years, the contest has attracted attention well beyond Matobo, drawing judges, sponsors and cultural enthusiasts from elsewhere in Zimbabwe and from other countries.

Originally from present-day South Africa, the Ndebele fled 19th-Century Zulu wars and settled in present-day Zimbabwe in the 1830s, bringing with them the tradition of exterior hut-painting in geometric designs using earth-toned natural dyes.

Over time, the designs have come to incorporate patterns from other cultures, and the creativity of the hut-painters has evolved to include wild animals, flowers and people.

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Interior painting, which has become part of the culture of beautifying the home, is a tradition borrowed from the local Shona people.

Throughout the Matobo Hills, art is woven into life.

The landscape is studded with massive granite boulders, some of which create caves that shelter ancient paintings.

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Believed to have one of southern Africa’s largest concentration of rock art, the caves of the Matobo Hills are adorned with images up to 12,000 years old.

When it’s time to paint, Masuku seeks her raw materials from surrounding nature.

In Masuku’s village of Mafela, anthills are a common sight and she uses the greyish soil from the anthill domes to make her grey and white paints.

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She also uses ash and charcoal residue from fires to create black and white.

The reds and browns come from red clay soil, but she has to travel long distances with her wheelbarrow in search of good quality soil and water.

She does it all herself; her husband is severely asthmatic so he can’t help with the sourcing or making of the mud dyes.

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Masuku begins painting during the dry season which normally runs from March to October.

“It takes me a long time to finish decorating because I have to do so many other duties at home, I have to cook daily, [and] during the harvest season there are crops to be picked.

When I have time, I go into the bush to look for the different soils.

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I have to bake some of the soils so I get the specific colour I want,” she explained.

She daubs her paints onto the walls using old socks and netting fabric.

The geometric patterns she paints reflect traditional Ndebele art.

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Masuku’s designs have earned her two wins in the My Beautiful Home contest, in 2018 and 2019.

According to the founder of the competition, Pathisa Nyathi, a local historian and director of local community arts centre, the Amagugu Heritage Centre, the geometric patterns, especially the circular forms, have a deeper symbolism.

“The round shape represents the contour of the Earth, Sun, Moon and any other planets,” Nyathi said.

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“Everything the Africans built in medieval times were round in shape, be it their houses, kraals [enclosure or group of houses around an enclosure], shields or pots…

“Old Bulawayo grass huts are all in a circular shape.”

This year, Masuku is expanding her efforts.

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She has extended her decor to the outside eating area and is experimenting with new styles such as drawing hands and flowers in the kitchen.

When Masuku first entered in 2018, she took it as an opportunity to exhibit her skill in making dresses using organic materials.

Her works have included a strapless dress made from the leaves of corn cobs, shoes sequined with pumpkin seeds and a necklace made from the seeds of wild trees.

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“I spent three nights sewing the first one with my machine.

“I don’t know if I’ll make something else this year, but making clothes from natural [and] free things are my favourite designs,” she explained.

Each year in August, hundreds of women enter the contest supported by Ekhaya Gaia a local NGO supporting sustainable communities, to showcase their adorned homes.

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Prizes include farming and water implements such as ploughs, wheelbarrows and water storage tanks.

For each of her wins, Masuku was awarded a water tank, which she uses to harvest and store rainwater to get through the dry months of the year.

After months of painting, the results fade quickly.

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Each year, the elaborate decorations are washed away with the coming of the rains in October.

It’s a loss but also a welcome end to the dry season.

And it offers these house artists a fresh canvas for the next year.

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For now, not many tourists are visiting the Matobo Hills for hiking, bird watching or to admire the painted homes due to lockdown travel restrictions.

But to Masuku, this remains a special place.

“When I’m here I don’t have to worry, I breathe the fresh air and it brings me back to my inner centre, where I should be,” she said.

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The traditions celebrated by the My Beautiful Home contest are specific to the region, but their spirit is universal.

“I hope that other people around Zimbabwe will be inspired to decorate their homes,” she said, “and to make their homes into something they love.” – BBC Travel

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In the community

Nkayi’s mortuary crisis leaves families racing against time

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BY NOKUTHABA DLAMINI

When an elephant trampled Mbusi Mabhena to death two weeks ago in Mthoniselwa village in Nkayi, his family’s grief was swiftly compounded by another ordeal.

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By the following day, he had been buried.

In Ward 13 of Nkayi district, there was no time for a traditional week-long wake or a post-mortem examination. There is no mortuary.

Local leaders say immediate burials have become common in parts of Nkayi and neighbouring Lupane, where families cannot preserve bodies due to a lack of cold storage facilities.

Weston Msimango, the councillor for Ward 13, said Mr Mabhena’s body was covered with sand before burial in an attempt to slow decomposition.

“It has become normal for people to be buried within 24 hours,” he said. “We have no facilities to keep them.”

The problem centres on Mbuma Mission Hospital, the main referral hospital for Nkayi and Lupane districts. Despite serving thousands of people, it has never had a mortuary.

For many villagers, transporting a body to cities such as Bulawayo or Gweru is too expensive. As a result, families resort to improvised methods to manage the smell of decomposition while making urgent burial arrangements.

Thandiwe Moyo, from Mkalathi village, said families often use sand and bananas to try to reduce odours while waiting for a few relatives to gather.

“To bury someone you love within 24 hours, without a proper goodbye because there is no cold room, feels like we are disposing of trash rather than honouring a life,” she said.

Residents say the lack of basic infrastructure contrasts sharply with the political rallies occasionally held in the district.

Jabulani Hadebe, the Member of Parliament for Nkayi South, has criticised what he describes as a lack of political will to address the issue.

He pointed to a large 2023 election rally in the area, attended by senior political figures, as an example of misplaced priorities.

“Leaders had an opportunity to visit the hospital, see what was missing and help,” he said. “Instead, the focus was on displays of wealth.”

Hadebe also alleged that some people who attended the rally were given spoiled food and later fell ill, though this claim could not be independently verified.

Sibusiso Sibanda, from Gonye village, said residents struggle to reconcile the arrival of luxury vehicles at rallies with the absence of a basic mortuary facility.

“They can come with big cars and give out meat, but they cannot finish a small room at Mbuma to keep the dead,” he said.

He added that without funeral insurance or money for transport, families have little choice but to bury relatives quickly.

“In the morning you are alive. If you die and you do not have a funeral policy, by evening you are in the sand,” he said. “There is no dignity left.”

Villagers in Somakantane said the absence of a mortuary has also disrupted cultural practices that require the body to remain at home for several days before burial.

The situation is not unique to Nkayi. Lawmakers have raised similar concerns in Binga, where some hospitals also operate without mortuary facilities.

Despite the issue being raised in Parliament, there has been no formal response from the government indicating when mortuaries might be built or repaired in affected districts.

The Ministry of Health’s spokesperson, Donald Mujiri, could not be reached for comment.

SOURCE: CITE

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In the community

Zimbabwe moves to support human-wildlife conflict victims

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BY NOKUTHABA DLAMINI

Cabinet has officially approved a transformative National Wildlife Policy, marking the first major overhaul of the sector’s regulatory framework in over three decades.

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For the communities of Matabeleland North—from the elephant-dense corridors of Hwange to the tourism heartbeat of Victoria Falls—the policy promises a radical shift in how local people coexist with and benefit from the country’s natural heritage.

Presented by Finance minister Mthuli Ncube on Tuesday, the new policy acknowledges that the wildlife sector has been “remarkably transformed” since the current laws were enacted in 1992.

The updated framework seeks to align Zimbabwe with modern international best practices, moving toward a “vibrant wildlife-anchored economy” that directly supports national development.

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For residents of Hwange and Victoria Falls, the most critical breakthrough is the policy’s explicit focus on human-wildlife conflict (HWC).

The framework provides for the implementation of the Human-Wildlife Conflict Relief Fund, specifically designed to provide benefits and support to victims of wildlife encounters.

This is paired with new regulations for CAMPFIRE (Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources) and the establishment of dedicated wildlife corridors to reduce dangerous interactions between animals and human settlements.

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The policy is built upon 10 strategic pillars, including community-based natural resources management and the equitable sharing of benefits.

Crucially, the government now recognises wildlife as a “public resource,” with the policy aiming to support devolution and enhance “active community participation.”

This ensures that present and future generations in Matabeleland North are not just neighbours to the game reserves, but active stakeholders in its socio-economic success.

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However, community members say the success of the policy will depend on how effectively benefits are devolved to grassroots level.

“We have heard policies before, but what matters is whether the money reaches us,” said a Hwange villager, Eslina Ndlovu from Nemanhanga. “Our schools are struggling, some do not even have adequate classrooms or learning materials. If wildlife revenue is coming from our areas, it should help improve our education system.”

Another villager,Joseph Mwembe from Vukuzenzele village under Chief Mvuthu, echoed similar sentiments, calling for investment in health services. “We are living with wildlife every day, but our hospitals are not equipped. We don’t have proper referral hospitals or machines. If this policy is serious about supporting communities, then we must see that money building clinics, equipping hospitals, and improving services here in Matabeleland North,” he said.

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Villagers stressed that without tangible improvements in infrastructure and social services, the policy risks falling short of its intended impact.

“If communities do not benefit in real terms, then it defeats the whole purpose of calling wildlife a national resource,” added Ndlovu.

The policy also introduces measures for fisheries conservation and the protection of indigenous plant species, with strict penalties for violations that threaten resource sustainability.

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Hwange

CDF-funded borehole brings relief to Hwange ward 5

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BY NOTHANDO DUBE

Daniel Molokele has announced the successful rollout and verification of solar-powered boreholes across several wards in Hwange Central, describing the development as a major boost for communities long affected by water shortages.

In a statement issued Friday, Molokele confirmed that a solar-powered borehole in Ward 5 is now fully operational, bringing relief to residents who have endured prolonged periods without reliable water supplies. Community members reportedly expressed “absolute delight” at the development, citing the borehole as a critical intervention.

The Ward 5 project is part of four boreholes installed under the 2024 Constituency Development Fund (CDF). According to the MP’s office, verification visits conducted on April 17 across Wards 1, 4, 5 and 6 confirmed steady progress.

Ward 4 and Ward 6 boreholes have been operational since February, already serving local populations. In Ward 1, installation is nearly complete, with service expected imminently.

Molokele’s office also revealed that delays in Ward 5 were due to funding shortfalls after CDF allocations were exhausted. The MP personally covered an outstanding US$2 000 to ensure completion.

Meanwhile, Ward 14 remains without a borehole despite being included in the original proposal. Officials acknowledged ongoing water challenges in the area and said efforts are underway to mobilise additional funding to complete the project.

Local leaders, councillors and ward development committees participated in the verification exercise alongside the project contractor, who provided technical assessments at each site.

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