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Zimbabweans face SA mass deportation as only 6,000 apply for new permits

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PRETORIA – Only 6,000 of the 178,000 Zimbabwean Exemption Permit (ZEP) holders have made representations to South Africa’s Home Affairs minister Aaron Motsoaledi spelling out their personal circumstances and why they should be allowed to remain in that country, according to director-general of the Department of Home Affairs Livhuwani Tommy Makhode.

He was responding in an affidavit to a bid by the Helen Suzman Foundation (HSF) to set aside government’s blanket decision not to renew ZEPs.

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HSF says the decision was “hasty, untransparent and ill-considered”.

But Makhode said the Home Affairs minister had given ZEP holders 12 months to “regularise their status”.

Various forms of the Zimbabwean permit have been in operation for 13 years.

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It was first introduced to legalise the status of the many Zimbabwean nationals already living in South Africa.

HSF executive director Nicole Fritz said in her affidavit before the Pretoria High Court that the decision will force a desperate choice on ZEP holders: to remain in South Africa as undocumented migrants with all the vulnerability that attaches to such status, or to return to a Zimbabwe that, for all intents and purposes, is unchanged from the country they fled.

The HSF wants a judge to rule that the decision is unlawful, unconstitutional and invalid, and that it be reviewed and remitted back to the minister for reconsideration “using a fair process” involving meaningful engagement with those affected and civil society.

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But Makhode says the 12-month extension was granted precisely for the purpose of allowing permit holders to make representations, and they had been given a “meaningful opportunity” to regularise their status.

They could make representations as to why the decision should not apply to them, they could apply for asylum, or they could apply for various other visas under the Immigration Act, he said.

Makhode said it had always been made clear that the ZEP was “temporary”.

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“It was intended, initially, to give a large number of undocumented Zimbabweans, about 1.5 million in 2009, the opportunity to regularise their stay in South Africa.

“The uptake figures were small and, over the years, the numbers have steadily declined,” he said.

“The relief the HSF seeks will effectively confer rights of permanent residence on ZEP holders, in the face of express conditions on which the permits were issued.

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“It seems to contend that because the permits were renewed from time to time, this confers on them a substantive legitimate expectation that they should be renewed in perpetuity, that they be entitled to remain in the country until the economic situation in Zimbabwe improves to the extent that the HSF and the court find acceptable.

“The relief sought would render the court as the sole arbiter of the nature and extent of economic recovery in Zimbabwe which would allow them to return.

“Any such order would amount to a far-reaching breach of separation of powers.”

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Makhode said any such order would also give others, who did not meet the requirements for asylum or other visas, the right to remain in South Africa as “economic migrants”, contrary to the provisions of the Immigration Act.

He said the minister’s decision had been supported by the Zimbabwean government.

“If there was a possibility of mass unemployment, and or impending economic upheaval with the return of 178,000 Zimbabweans, one would have expected this to be raised through diplomatic channels.

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“The permits were introduced because of an influx of Zimbabweans in the face of hyperinflation and a humanitarian crisis.

“By all accounts, the economic situation has significantly recovered — there has been positive growth in the GDP while the economic situation in South Africa has markedly declined … South Africa is facing an unemployment rate of 34%, whilst Zimbabwe’s is about 5.2%.”

Makhode said they could apply to extend their permits on a “case by case basis” – and this decision was both rational and reasonable.

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The HSF will file a responding affidavit, after which the matter will be set down for hearing. – Ground-Up

 

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National

Flooding risk rises in Zimbabwe, Southern Africa as heavy rains forecast

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Flooding is expected to intensify across parts of Southern Africa, including Zimbabwe, as heavy rainfall continues to affect the region, according to the latest weather hazards update from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET).

In its Global Weather Hazards Summary for March 12–18, FEWS NET said moderate to locally heavy rainfall has been observed across several countries in the region, raising concerns about flooding in vulnerable areas.

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The agency said the rainfall has affected western, central and eastern parts of Southern Africa, including Angola, Zambia, Malawi, central Mozambique, northern Madagascar, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe.

“During the past week, moderate to locally heavy rainfall was observed over northern, central and eastern Southern Africa,” FEWS NET said in the report.

The agency noted that flooding has already been recorded in some parts of the region, including Cunene Province in southern Angola and Rundu in northern Namibia, as rainfall continued across several countries.

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Over the past 30 days, cumulative rainfall has been above average across southeastern Angola, northeastern Botswana, central South Africa, Lesotho, central and southern Zimbabwe and parts of Malawi and Mozambique, increasing the likelihood of flooding in low-lying and flood-prone areas.

FEWS NET warned that the situation could worsen in the coming days.

“(This week) , heavy rainfall is predicted over northern and eastern Zambia, including central and northern Angola, central and eastern Zambia, Malawi, northern and eastern Zimbabwe, Mozambique, northeastern South Africa, Eswatini and northern Madagascar,” the report said.

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According to the outlook, the forecast rainfall raises the risk of flooding in many local areas across the region, particularly where soils are already saturated following weeks of above-average rainfall.

The weather monitoring agency also noted that hot conditions are likely in western Angola and southwestern Madagascar, even as other areas brace for continued heavy rains.

FEWS NET provides climate and food security early warning information to support humanitarian planning and disaster preparedness across vulnerable regions.

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Parliament debates disputed chiefdoms across the country

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BY STAFF REPORTER 

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Parliament has raised concern over increasing disputes over traditional leadership, with lawmakers warning that contested chiefdoms are undermining governance and development in rural communities.

Moving a motion in the National Assembly, Hwange West MP, Vusumuzi Moyo said the growing number of chieftainship disputes posed a threat to peace and cultural heritage.

“I rise today to debate on a matter which I believe is a matter of national importance, the growing prevalence of disputed chiefdoms across Zimbabwe and the serious threat that these poses to peace, governance, development, and the preservation of our cultural heritage,” Moyo told Parliament. 

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He said many disputes date back to distortions created during the colonial period.

“Some of these disputes… emanate from colonial times… when the colonial masters moved in. When they moved in, we already had governing structures,” he said. 

Moyo also referenced communities in Hwange District, saying colonial relocations disrupted traditional governance systems.

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“I remember in the constituency that I come from, most of these people… had been resettled from far-off lands, fertile lands, and dumped in Hwange District,” he said. 

He warned that unresolved leadership disputes weaken governance at grassroots level.

“Madam Speaker, when a chiefdom becomes disputed, those constitutional functions grind to a halt. Customary courts lose legitimacy. Land allocations become contested. Development programmes stall,” he said. 

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Moyo urged Government to establish clearer succession procedures for traditional leaders.

“It is my sincere hope that… we could start the conversation of trying to restore our culture by providing the necessary legislation to make sure that we cure all this,” he said.  

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Rising Zambezi flows lift Kariba water levels amid improved rains

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BY WANDILE TSHUMA

Water levels at the Kariba Dam are gradually rising following improved rainfall across the Zambezi River Basin, bringing cautious optimism for water availability and power generation.

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In a hydrological update released Tuesday, the Zambezi River Authority said the Lake Kariba reservoir level had reached 477.74 metres above sea level as of 10 March 2026.

Usable live storage now stands at 15.57 percent, equivalent to about 10.08 billion cubic metres of usable water.

The Authority said the increase is being driven by improved rainfall across much of the Kariba catchment during the 2025/2026 rainy season, which has boosted river flows and inflows into the reservoir.

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“This reflects an improvement compared to the same date in 2025, when the reservoir stood at 476.93 metres above sea level with usable live storage of 9.87 percent,” the Authority said.

Zambezi flows rising at key monitoring points

River flows are also increasing at key monitoring stations along the Zambezi River.

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At the Chavuma Gauging Station, flows reached 3,058 cubic metres per second on 10 March 2026, significantly higher than 2,088 cubic metres per second recorded during the same period last year.

Flows have also risen sharply near Victoria Falls, a key tourism and hydrological monitoring point.

At the Victoria Falls (Nana’s Farm) Gauging Station, river flows increased to 1,645 cubic metres per second, compared to 871 cubic metres per second on the same date in 2025.

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The Authority said the upward trend reflects stronger rainfall upstream and around the Victoria Falls area, which is feeding the Zambezi system.

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The Zambezi River Authority said it will continue monitoring rainfall patterns and inflows across the basin to guide water utilisation at hydropower stations linked to the Kariba Dam.

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The reservoir is a critical source of electricity for both Zimbabwe and Zambia, which jointly own and manage the dam through the Authority.

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