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Zimbabwe female candidates struggle to break ceiling

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BY NOKUTHABA DLAMINI 

Thirty three year-old Nakai Shoko has lofty dreams to become a political leader to help uplift her community in Victoria Falls.

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Shoko, a University of Zimbabwe political student, believes women need to be involved in politics to influence policies meant to promote equality and their participation in the economy.
The vibrant mobiliser and orator, however, is not encouraged by the political landscape because of a plethora of bottlenecks for aspiring female politicians.

Although Zimbabwe’s has in recent years enacted laws and introduced constitutional provisions to promote gender parity in governance systems, women still struggle to break the barriers.


Zimbabwe is a signatory to declarations that  include the 2008 Sadc Protocol on Gender and Development, which calls for 50% female representation in decision-making positions by women by 2015. 

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The country’s 2004 National Gender Policy also calls for “redress the numerical gender imbalances in decision making and politics by increasing the numerical representation of women to 52 person.”


Shoko feels the  legal instruments are yet to find expression in political parties to encourage women to campaign for positions.

“My ambitious dream began in 2013, but I’m still hesitant to join political parties as there is very little support for female politicians, even at local level,” she said.

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“I have tried to join various political parties as just an ordinary youth, but whenever it is time for primary elections  the squabbles begin and even our leaders refuse to listen to any woman, who tries to remind them of the political declarations whenever they want to grab power.

” I have so much passion for human rights issues and my wish is to make a difference in my home town.”

Shoko said she enrolled for a political science degree in 2019 to prepare for a career in leadership.
Her story resonates with that of  Lenziwe Bhaudi from Binga North, who wants to contest in the ruling party’s primary elections for the 2023 parliamentary polls.

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Bhaudi said even though, the declarations are a positive development which counter balances in the electoral system viewed by some as highly competitive and not friendly to women who have ambitions to become politicians , their practical implementation of them is far from being a reality. 

“I have often witnessed some female politicians being beaten, victimised and at times burnt while sleeping in their homesteads just for challenging male candidates,especially in primary elections,” she said.

“My drive to join politics has been let down by the unwillingness of politicians and government to lobby for 50/50 participation of women despite multiple declarations promoting women and men in all spheres. 

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” As youths, we want to be able to speak up and represent the people even in rural areas, but that’s proving to be difficult because I tried in 2018 and l failed, and going for another trial when legal frameworks and declarations are not being implemented will slow my chances of giving it another try.”

In Zimbabwe, women make up 52.3 percent of the population but the political leadership of the country’s legislative bodies and local authorities is dominated by men. 

Statistics from the Zimbabwe Electoral Commission (ZEC), show that 54 percent of the registered voters during the 2018 elections were women yet their participation in electoral and governance processes – where decisions regarding their lives are made – remains peripheral. 

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According to a 2018 study by Gender Links, a regional organisation promoting equal participation by women and men in all applications of private and public life, the Sadc and national declarations have been dwindling especially in Zimbabwe’s local government elections.

It says out of 6 800 candidates, who contested for seats in the country’s 92 local authorities, only 1 756 or 17 percent were female and overall results indicated that only 14 percent was won by women. 

However, for political activist Mirriam Moyo from  Hwange, strongly believes all is not lost for female politicians in Zimbabwe.

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“The mindset change has to start from primary elections at ward level,” Moyo said.

“There is still a chance and we will push for that until everyone comes on board in the district regardless of political differences.

“Women are determined and what is lacking is the implementation of declarations and discipline.

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“So there is still time to correct that and plans to begin the campaign are underway.”  

Although the constitution requires all political parties to meet the constitutional provisions on gender parity and equal political opportunities, patriarchy remains widespread, and there seems to be a deliberate reluctance by political parties to appreciate the need for affirmative measures towards gender parity. 

The very low percentage of women successfully nominated, or directly elected, is evidence that political parties tend to favour male candidates over females for local and constituency seats. 

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“It goes without saying that when the electoral environment is patriarchal and prejudiced, women are automatically marginalised and declarations put aside,” Moyo said.

In order to achieve significant representation of women, Gender Links recommends that Zimbabwe not only requires a gender sensitive legislative framework, but  political will from those in power.

The composition of candidates for the 2018 elections indicates that political parties have largely ignored a commitment to gender balance. 

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Despite coming up with good policies, Zimbabwean political parties have failed to implement them, as they continue to allow other ‘political’ considerations to take precedence in the fielding of candidates.

 Out of the 47 political parties that fielded candidates in the National Assembly, only 27 fielded at least one female  candidate.

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National

ZIMRA customs officer appears in court for criminal abuse of office

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BY STAFF REPORTER 

A Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA) customs officer, Phillip Kuvenga, has been accused of criminal abuse of office for allegedly assisting in the importation of banned motor vehicles.

Kuvenga, 28, who is stationed at Victoria Falls, allegedly received documents from clients, completed valuation sheets, and carried out the valuation process. However, he is accused of endorsing different chassis numbers to deceive his supervisors during the validation and approval process.

After obtaining approval, Kuvenga would capture the correct chassis numbers in the ASYCUDA World System. He would then alter or replace the documents submitted earlier to his supervisors.

The offense came to light when a motor vehicle that had not yet arrived in Zimbabwe was found to have been already registered. A thorough check by ZIMRA led to Kuvenga’s arrest.

Kuvenga appeared in court on February 1, where he was denied bail by Magistrate Gift Manyka. He is expected to appear in court again today for another bail hearing.

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Retailers send Mnangagwa SOS as shops continue shutting down over operational woes

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BY ZIMLIVE

The Confederation of Zimbabwe Retailers (CZR) has implored President Emmerson Mnangagwa to intervene and save the sector which has seen various formal retail and wholesale businesses closing shop countrywide due to operational challenges.

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In a statement on Sunday, CZR president Denford Mutashu said the continued closure of formal retail and wholesale businesses is a direct consequence of the tough economic environment that has consistently failed to support formalised sector players who face stiff competition from informal businesses and vendors the majority of whom have no tax obligations to deal with.

Mutashu said his association was concerned that authorities continue to downplay the crisis.

“The recent closure of several outlets under the N. Richards Group, coupled with Spar Zimbabwe’s painful decision to shut down Queensdale Spar, Choppies Zimbabwe’s exit from the market, and Mahommed Mussa’s significant reduction of shop space by 60%, highlights the growing crisis.

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“As the representative association for these and other brands, CZR is alarmed that while formal businesses face enormous challenges, the authorities continue to present a different picture of the operating environment,” he said.

Given the situation, Mutashu said, only President Mnangagwa can rescue the troubled sector.

“CZR therefore calls for urgent intervention from His Excellency, President Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa, to rescue what remains of the formalized retail and wholesale sector,” said Mutashu.

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He said the sector was in urgent need of rescue.

“While CZR acknowledges the continued support from the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, it is clear that the root causes of these challenges are fiscal and monetary in nature. These require urgent and decisive action to ensure the survival of formal businesses.

“CZR therefore appeals to the Presidium to prioritize interventions aimed at saving jobs and mitigating the ongoing wave of shop closures and retrenchments,” he said.

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Crisis in Zimbabwe Coalition vows to resist term limit changes

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BY WANDILE TSHUMA

Zimbabweans are speaking out against proposed constitutional amendments that would extend President Emmerson Mnangagwa’s tenure beyond the constitutional limit of two five-year terms.

A stakeholder engagement meeting convened by the Crisis in Zimbabwe Coalition today brought together a diverse group of stakeholders, including labor, church, and business representatives, to devise a collective strategy against the proposed amendments.

“The participants firmly argued that such changes would significantly undermine the spirit and collective will of the Zimbabwean populace,” the meeting noted.

They characterized the amendments as “self-serving maneuvers orchestrated by a small clique of politicians pursuing personal ambitions over the broader interests of the nation.”

“This clique’s pursuit of power undermines the very foundation of Zimbabwe’s democracy,” the meeting emphasized. Furthermore, the participants noted that the proposed amendments “fundamentally contradict the democratic principles enunciated in the country’s constitution.”

The meeting expressed concern that enacting such changes would exacerbate the lingering legitimacy crisis, leading to increased international isolation and a further decline in Zimbabwe’s global standing.

The participants also reflected on how these ongoing attempts to alter the constitution demonstrate a profound disregard of the will of Zimbabweans, as expressed in 2013 when they unanimously voted for the supreme law.

The meeting further noted that the relentless efforts to amend the constitution will continue to limit the democratic space in Zimbabwe. “The shrinking environment poses a serious risk of consolidating authoritarian practices and eroding the fundamental rights and freedoms of the citizens,” the meeting warned.

In addition to the constitutional amendments, the meeting highlighted the ongoing economic crisis in Zimbabwe, which has severely impacted the daily lives of ordinary citizens. “As inflation spirals and basic necessities become increasingly scarce, many families struggle to meet their fundamental needs,” the meeting noted.

The participants expressed concern that political elites and a small group of individuals with close ties to the government are exploiting the nation’s resources for their own gain. “This systematic looting occurs with little regard for the welfare of the populace, exacerbating the country’s economic plight and contributing to widespread hardship among the general population,” the meeting emphasized.

To resist these developments, the meeting resolved to:

– *Build a Broad-Based Movement*: Unite various stakeholders to defend democratic space and resist the proposed constitutional amendment. This comprehensive approach seeks to unite stakeholders, including the media, diplomats, community mobilizers, and rapid response teams, to ensure ordinary Zimbabweans are empowered to engage in this righteous and noble cause.
– *Mobilize Nationally*: Prioritize community consultation to safeguard the constitution and nurture a culture of constitutionalism. This mobilization effort must extend across all political affiliations and should commence without delay.
– *Convene a National Convention*: Organize an inclusive national all-stakeholders convention that incorporates all stakeholders to prepare for a united response, specifically a collective VOTE NO campaign, should a referendum be called regarding any constitutional changes.
– *Employ All Permissible Channels*: Utilize mass mobilization initiatives, organize demonstrations, engage in diplomatic discussions, and pursue public interest litigation to challenge and stop the encroachments on democracy.

The Crisis in Zimbabwe Coalition emphasized the urgency of mobilizing citizens across the country to defend democratic ideals and resist any proposed amendments to the constitution.

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