BY BRENDA NCUBE
In the heart of Matabeleland North’s Hwange district, wildlife conservation has become a contentious issue.
While the area is renowned for its rich biodiversity and generating substantial revenue, local communities are struggling to reap the benefits.
For communal farmers like Binwell Sibanda, the presence of wild animals has become a constant threat to their livelihoods.
“We rely heavily on farming, but these animals destroy our crops and livestock every year,” Sibanda lamented.
“We expect National Parks and CAMPFIRE (Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources) to control wildlife and not let them roam freely in communal areas.”
Nicholas Tembo, another affected farmer, emphasized the need for compensation for losses incurred due to human-wildlife conflict. “We should be reimbursed for our losses if wildlife destroys our crops or kills livestock,” he said.
The communities are also demanding that park authorities take responsibility in cases of human-wildlife attacks, including paying medical bills, funeral expenses, and supporting victims’ dependents.
Furthermore, the villagers are advocating for a quota for game meat to alleviate hunger and reduce poaching. “The park rangers can cull the animals and share the meat with the community,” Tembo suggested.
However, the communities are frustrated with CAMPFIRE, feeling that the program benefits the association running it rather than the communities themselves.
They are calling for CAMPFIRE to devise programs that channel funds from hunting trophies to benefit the communities, such as rural electrification and drilling boreholes.
The villagers are also seeking a more nuanced approach to addressing poaching, considering the motivations behind it. “If someone is caught poaching or snaring, the law should consider what they plan to do with the animal,” Tembo said.
As the debate surrounding the Parks and Wildlife Amendment Bill (H.B.1, 2024) continues, communities are keep on voicing concerns over compensation for victims of wildlife attacks and seeking clarity on how the Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Authority plans to handle these compensations.
They are also demanding sovereignty over wildlife management, advocating for local authorities to take the lead.
Amidst the thriving tourism activities in the area, it is ironic that communities bordering national parks live in poverty. As Tembo emphasized, “It’s time for us to benefit from wildlife conservation and tourism.”
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