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Chilonga folk in battle of their lives

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BY LINDA MUJURU

When Mkachana Chali meets fellow residents of this quiet, rural community in southeastern Zimbabwe, he chants “Chitakataka chahina,” a Shangaan saying that means “our black soil.”

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That’s all he talks about each day: the land.

For generations, this region located near the border with Mozambique and South Africa has been home to the Shangaan people, who, together with other indigenous groups, make up less than 10% of Zimbabwe’s population.

Now, however, Chali said the land and the entire Shangaan way of life are under threat.

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Earlier this year, the Zimbabwean government set aside nearly 13,000 hectares of land in the area for a major commercial irrigation project to support alfalfa production.

As a result, more than 12,000 Shangaan people in the region could be forcibly displaced from their homes.

“I have 22 cows and more than 60 goats. I have built my house here and given my children part of the land that I got from my father. My children have also built their homes on the land I gave them,” Chali said.

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“I’m very comfortable with what I have and what I have accomplished. If the government sets up this irrigation scheme, it will limit our land use.”

Moreover, the project could sever the Shangaan people’s connection with their ancestral graves and other sacred sites.

Traditional rituals, dances and music also could be lost if the Shangaan are displaced, according to the Masvingo Center for Research Advocacy and Development (Macrad), a nonprofit social and economic justice organisation.

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“They have lost all their rights to the land,” says Ephraim Mutombeni, coordinator of Macrad.

Local residents have been pushing back against the development project.

“We are self-sustainable, and we don’t want to depend on handouts. A private company-financed irrigation project will render us useless and dependent on them for survival,” Muhlava Matsilele said. “We don’t want our land taken!”

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Boniface Chirovera similarly said the project to grow alfalfa — also known as lucerne — will prevent him from raising cattle and growing sorghum, which he sells to local butcheries and breweries, respectively.

“Lucerne grass will not help me get food on my table,” Chirovera said.

“It will not enable me to send my children to school. It will not help me take care of my family the way I am right now, because it does not belong to me.”

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Residents of the region have been displaced before. In the 1960s, the Shangaan were forced to move off part of their ancestral land in order to make way for the Gonarezhou National Park, which stands just outside Chilonga.

And beginning in 2010, nearly 1,800 households were forcibly displaced from the villages of Chisumbanje and Chinyamukwakwa — about 110 kilometers and 130 kilometers  from Chilonga, respectively — to make way for an ethanol plant operated by Green Fuel, a Zimbabwean energy firm.

In 2012, a government committee found that most of the households displaced by the ethanol project had not been resettled or provided meaningful compensation.

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It criticised as inadequate the standard compensation of 0.5 hectare of land per household, recommending that households be provided with up to 2 hectares of land.

Merit Rumema, corporate social responsibility manager at Green Fuel, said the company has committed to allocating 10% of the land it develops to the local community and, to date, has distributed 0.5-hectare plots to 1,205 families in Chinyamukwakwa, Chisumbanje and Munepasi, another village in the area. “An additional 90 plots are currently being cleared and will soon be occupied by the community in the Chisumbanje area,” Rumema said.

Local residents do not feel they have received a fair deal, however.

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“I had 9 hectares of land that I grew crops on with my four children,” says Adam Chijakara, 83, who has lived in Chinyamukwakwa since 1973.

“Now I am left with half an acre, and my children were not given anything. Their legacy has been stolen.”

Melody Mlambo says she didn’t receive any warning that her 5 acres of farmland would be taken.

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“Even the cotton that was on the land at that time was destroyed by the Green Fuel company,” she says.

Rumema says Green Fuel operates in the region through an agreement with Zimbabwe’s Agricultural and Rural Development Authority, which grants it the right to access the land.

“Green Fuel is not aware of any other person or entity that has rights over the said land who are capable of being ‘displaced,’” Rumema said. “Anyone who claims they were ‘displaced’ must surely legally substantiate such allegation.”

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The Agricultural and Rural Development Authority did not respond to multiple requests for comment.

The government should have addressed the concerns of local residents before moving forward with the ethanol project, says Claris Madhuku, director of the Platform for Youth and Community Development, a community organization focused on sustainable development that is based in Chipinge, another town in eastern Zimbabwe.

“The community members were not given an opportunity to negotiate for access to information on their rights and cultural concerns,” he says.

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All of this now concerns the residents of Chilonga, who see history repeating itself.

“These irrigation projects did not start here only,” said Chali, pointing out how other residents of the area have been impacted. “It has actually affected their livelihoods. And now they want to do the same to us.”- Global Press Journal

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Hwange

Victoria Falls hospital ill-equipped to handle mental health issues

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Dr Fungai Musinami

BY NOKUTHABA DLAMINI 

Doctor Fungai Musinami, Hange district medical officer, revealed in an interview that Victoria Falls Hospital is not adequately equipped to address mental health issues.

“We do not have a dedicated mental health facility infrastructure or even a drug or substance abuse rehabilitation at the moment,” she said. “But there are projects that are ongoing to try and establish something within the city.”

Despite these challenges, Musinami emphasized that the government is working to prioritize mental health and address the interconnected issue of drug and substance abuse.

“We are working together with drug and substance abuse because these two go together,” she explained.

However, the situation in the whole province is dire.

Out of all the seven district hospitals, none has a facility to handle mental health issues, instead, patients are referred to other institutions in Bulawayo or further.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Zimbabwe has one of the highest suicide rates in Africa, with 18.4 suicides per 100 000 people.

The WHO notes that mental health issues are often stigmatized in Zimbabwean culture, leading to a lack of seeking help and support.

In the background, Zimbabwe is grappling with a mental health crisis, exacerbated by social and economic factors such as poverty, unemployment, and trauma. Research has shown that these factors contribute significantly to mental health problems in Zimbabwe.

Musinami emphasized that community-based initiatives like the Friendship Bench are making a difference.

“We have trained community health workers for support of mental health,” she said.

“We are looking at scaling that up in the days to come, so that within your wards in the communities, there will be someone trained to do counseling through the Friendship Bench model.”

As Musinami noted that lot of people that end up committing suicide will give hints along the way.

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Hwange

Buffaloes wreak havoc in Victoria Falls, residents living in fear

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BY NOKUTHABA DLAMINI 

Residents of Mkhosana in Victoria Falls are living in fear as a large herd of buffaloes continues to invade their communities, destroying vegetable gardens and posing a threat to human life.

https://x.com/Vic_Falls_Live/status/1853724332553314445/video/1

According to eyewitnesses, the buffaloes, estimated to be around 30-40, have been encroaching into the communities since June, with some residents reporting that they have been vandalizing their gardens as early as 8 PM.

David Mpofu

David Mpofu, a resident of Mkhosana, expressed his concern, saying, “We are living in fear because these buffaloes come every day, destroying our vegetable gardens. We want the Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority rangers to take action and chase them away.”

Trymore Ndolo

The Victoria Falls Combined Residents Association member, Trymore Ndolo, who was also at the scene on Monday night close to the CBZ houses, expressed frustration, stating that the buffaloes are becoming a menace and encroaching into high-density residential areas.

The issue of human-wildlife conflict is escalating due to the ongoing drought, with elephants also encroaching into communities in search of water and food.

Residents are crying foul as their source of food is being destroyed.

Last week, a large herd of buffaloes even invaded the Victoria Falls City Council water works premises, taking security guards by surprise and forcing them to hide.

In Mkhosana, the  buffaloes refused to budge until Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority officials arrived and chased them away.

Residents are calling for urgent action to address the situation and ensure their safety and security.

 

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Schools in Tsholotsho destroyed by heavy rains, learners left conducting lessons under the trees

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BY NOKUTHABA DLAMINI 

Last week’s heavy rains have left a trail of destruction in Tsholotsho, with two schools severely affected.

Nembe Primary School and Nembe Secondary School suffered significant infrastructure damage, displacing learners and prompting calls for urgent assistance.

 

According to Ward 22 Councillor Nkululeko Ndebele, the rains destroyed wall blocks, scattered blanks everywhere, and damaged walls at Nembe Primary School.

“The wall block of grade three and four was destroyed, and the office of the staff, administration block, and solar panels were also damaged,” he said.

At Nembe Secondary School, the block used by Form One and Two students was destroyed, leaving learners without classrooms.

“Currently, the children are learning under the trees because no action has been taken,” Councillor Ndebele lamented.

The District Schools Inspector visited the site on Monday to assess the damage, and a further visit is scheduled for today to determine the extent of the destruction.

Councillor Ndebele appealed for international assistance, citing the economic situation and drought ravaging the communities.

“Parents cannot afford to rebuild the schools, and we need help from anyone willing to assist,” he said.

Ndebele says the schools, built in the 1950s, have never been maintained, and their age has contributed to the extent of the damage.

“We are getting into the rain season, and we urgently need help to rebuild and restore these schools,” Councillor Ndebele emphasized.

 

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