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Witchcraft, poverty, and depression: The triple threat facing Zimbabwe’s elderly

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BY NOKUTHABA DLAMINI

In a small corner of Victoria Falls, a 92-year-old woman named Esther Mpofu calls Chinotimba Old People’s Home her own.

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Allegedly accused of witchcraft by her daughter-in-law and abandoned by her son, she was deprived of the right to family life as stated in Section 72 of the constitution.

Mpofu was left at the home 23 years ago and has never seen her seven grandchildren since.

The pain still lingers, and the isolation has taken a toll on her mental health.

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Esther Mpofu

“I had to comply because that’s what my son wanted for the sake of peace,” Mpofu recalls, her voice trembling.

“I had nowhere to go, no one to turn to, and coming here was the only option available because all my siblings died long ago. What I’m left with is for God to give me some rest because my soul is not at peace.”

As we spend time with her, we meet others like her – abandoned, lonely, and struggling with depression.

The home’s caretaker, Netie Chindedza, shares stories of similar heartbreak, of families turning their backs on their elderly loved ones.

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Netie Chindedza

“It’s just that we cannot have everyone here because of the resources, but if you go around these rural communities, children are abandoning their families, elderly people,” she says.

“Most of them are being accused of witchcraft, while some get tired of seeing them age, and this is the reason why we had to form this home to relieve the abandoned elderly people and save them from depression.”

As we left the female ward, we were taken to the male ward, where we met another elderly man, 82-year-old Jimmy Ndlovu from Nkayi district.

Jimmy Ndlovu

His story was similar – abandoned by his family, he had to travel over 700 kilometers to Victoria Falls to find a home first at Chidobe village in Hwange, and at the charity care facility due to drought-induced poverty.

He has been at the home for a couple of months now.

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“I was brought here by my daughter, who is married in Filabusi, I was starving, and I had no one to turn to,” Ndlovu says.

As we listened to Ndlovu’s story, we couldn’t help but ask ourselves, how could families turn their backs on their loved ones like this?

But our journey wasn’t over yet. As we moved on, we met another elderly man, 96-year-old, whose destination is unknown.

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He is deaf and unable to sit on his own, relying on diapers and constant care from the facility’s staff.

The Hwange district medical officer, Fungai Musinami, notes that such issues of neglect are rampant, and many dying in silence leading to depression.

“There is this concept in our society that a real man doesn’t cry, doesn’t struggle, and has to be strong. But men and elderly people also struggle with depression and anxiety, and we’ve seen them commit suicides due to feeling uncared for.”

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The African Charter’s Article 14 states: Every individual shall have the right to enjoy the best attainable state of physical and mental health.

But why is this happening in the communities?

Musinami explains, “Our society perpetuates a harmful narrative that these must be invincible. But the truth is, they are human too. They face financial pressures, relationship stress, feeling unloved…just like any other person. And when they can’t cope, they’re more likely to take their own lives.”

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The statistics are chilling – recent research published by the Ministry of Health and Child Care and UN partners states that mental health-related morbidity and mortality are increasing in Zimbabwe, with anxiety disorders estimated to affect 2.8 percent of the population and account for 4 percent of total years lived with disability.

For example, 38 suicide attempts, elderly people included, were recorded in January and February this year at Mpilo Hospital, up from 11 in the same period last year.

Assistant Commissioner Paul Nyathi, the Zimbabwe Republic Police spokesperson, added that witchcraft allegations are rampant, leading to violent attacks and displacement.

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“We have received similar cases like those (Mpofu’s), as you might have seen the incident where Masvingo man and his three daughters, including a juvenile, were arrested over a brutal murder of a 77-year-old and 92-year-old relatives rooted in witchcraft allegations.”

“Let me make this clear, in our constitution, it is an offense to call another person a witch and you can be tried in courts for that.”

Under the Witchcraft Suppression Act (Chapter 10:09), Section 3: Prohibits accusing someone of being a witch or practicing witchcraft while Section 4: prohibits damaging someone’s reputation by accusing them of witchcraft.

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For this, Nyathi urges the communities to seek counseling services through the traditional and religious leaders and even through police’s counseling section.

Efforts to trace Mpofu’s son have been fruitless as his contacts, which he gave her are not reachable and at the care, they do not know the village where he lives.

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National

Zimbabwe moves to establish tough drug control agency amid rising substance abuse crisis

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BY NOKUTHABA DLAMINI

As Zimbabwe battles a surge in drug and substance abuse, the government has tabled a new Bill in Parliament seeking to establish a powerful agency to coordinate enforcement, rehabilitation, and prevention programmes across the country.

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The National Drug and Substance Abuse Control and Enforcement Agency Bill (H.B. 12, 2025) proposes the creation of a dedicated agency mandated to combat the supply and demand of illicit drugs, provide rehabilitation services, and strengthen coordination between law enforcement and social service institutions.

According to the explanatory memorandum of the Bill, the agency will operate under two main divisions — a Social Services Intervention Division to focus on prevention, treatment and community rehabilitation, and an Enforcement Division to target supply chains, trafficking networks, and related financial crimes.

The legislation describes drug abuse as “a grave internal national security threat” and “a public health crisis” that fuels organised crime, corruption and violence. It notes that drug profits have enabled criminal cartels to “purchase the instrumentalities of crime, including weapons,” and to corrupt both civilian and non-civilian public officials.

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Under the new framework, the agency will have powers to:

  • Investigate and arrest individuals involved in drug trafficking and production;
  • Work jointly with the Zimbabwe Republic Police, Zimbabwe Revenue Authority, and Medicines Control Authority of Zimbabwe;
  • Establish checkpoints at ports of entry and exit to intercept harmful substances; and
  • Expand the legal definition of “harmful drugs” to include emerging synthetic substances, in consultation with the Medicines Control Authority of Zimbabwe.

The Social Services Division will lead prevention campaigns, develop demand-reduction programmes, and facilitate the creation of rehabilitation and detoxification centres nationwide. It will also introduce a monitoring system requiring schools, employers, and local authorities to adopt anti-drug awareness and intervention programmes within 90 days of the Act’s commencement.

Each province and district will host offices of the agency to decentralise services and ensure community-level engagement, while traditional leaders will help devise local prevention strategies.

The Bill further empowers the agency to employ prosecutors from the National Prosecuting Authority to handle drug-related cases, signalling a shift toward specialised prosecution of narcotics offences. It also introduces a new, stricter “standard scale of fines” and penalties for drug crimes — higher than those prescribed under existing criminal laws.

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In a major development, the proposed law integrates the agency into Zimbabwe’s Money Laundering and Proceeds of Crime Act, allowing it to pursue unexplained wealth orders and seize assets linked to drug cartels.

The Bill stresses rehabilitation and social reintegration as key pillars. It obliges the agency to support affected individuals through psychosocial counselling, vocational training, and community wellness programmes aimed at helping addicts rebuild their lives.

If passed, the National Drug and Substance Abuse Control and Enforcement Agency will replace fragmented anti-drug efforts currently scattered across ministries and law enforcement agencies, creating a central authority to drive national strategy and coordination.

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Parliament is expected to debate the Bill in the coming weeks amid growing concern over youth addiction to crystal meth, cough syrups, and other illicit substances that have taken root in both urban and rural communities.

 

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Hwange unit 8 breaks down, deepening Zimbabwe’s power supply challenges

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BY WANDILE TSHUMA 

ZESA Holdings has announced that Hwange Unit 8 has been taken off the national grid following a technical fault, a development expected to worsen Zimbabwe’s persistent electricity shortages.

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In a statement released on Monday, the power utility said the unit would be out of service for ten days while restoration work is carried out.

“Hwange Unit 8 has been taken off the grid due to a technical fault. The unit will be out of service for 10 days while restoration work is carried out,” ZESA said.

The company said Hwange Unit 7 remains operational, generating 335 megawatts (MW) to support system stability, while power generation at Kariba South Power Station has been ramped up with “careful management of water allocations” to compensate for the temporary shortfall.

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ZESA apologized for the inconvenience and appealed for public understanding as engineers work to restore the unit.

Zimbabwe has faced recurring electricity supply challenges over the past two decades, driven by ageing infrastructure, limited generation capacity, and low water levels at Kariba Dam. While the commissioning of Hwange Units 7 and 8 in 2023 brought some relief, frequent breakdowns have continued to disrupt supply, forcing industries and households to endure prolonged load-shedding.

The latest fault at Hwange comes at a time when power demand is surging across the country, particularly during the hot season when air conditioning and irrigation systems increase pressure on the grid.

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Energy experts say the outage highlights the need for greater investment in maintenance, renewable energy, and grid modernization to stabilize Zimbabwe’s power supply in the long term.

 

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Tsholotsho to host national commemoration of International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction

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BY NOKUTHABA DLAMINI

Zimbabwe will on Thursday, this week,  join the rest of the world in commemorating the International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction (IDDR), with national events set to take place at Tshino Primary School in Ward 5, Tsholotsho District, along the Tsholotsho–Sipepa road.

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The global day, observed annually, aims to promote a culture of disaster risk awareness and highlight efforts to reduce vulnerability and build resilience in communities.

Speaking to VicFallsLive, Civil Protection Unit Director Nathan Nkomo said this year’s commemoration holds special significance for Tsholotsho, a district that has long struggled with recurrent flooding.

“The whole issue is to reduce, not to increase the occurrence of disasters. And by commemorating, that’s where we share ideas with other people,” Nkomo said.

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He noted that Tsholotsho’s selection as the national host was deliberate, following the successful relocation of families who were affected by flooding at the confluence of the Gwai and Shashani rivers.

“It’s not by accident that we are commemorating in Tsholotsho. We have built 305 houses for people who were affected in the Spepa area, and we will be celebrating in style because we have managed to relocate them,” he said.

“Now we no longer hear of people being flooded in Tsholotsho because of that relocation. So, we will be celebrating in style for Tshini and Sawudweni.”

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The relocations, carried out under government’s disaster recovery and housing programs, have been hailed as a success story in proactive disaster risk management.

Looking ahead to the cyclone season, Nkomo said funding remains the major challenge in preparedness and response.

“We cannot preempt to say there are challenges yet, but historically, since we’ve dealt with COVID-19 and Cyclone Idai, the issue of funds has always been critical,” he said.

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“This year, we are dealing with cyclones at a time when even our development partners have dwindling resources. So, funding will take centre stage in our deliberations, to see how best we can respond with the little we have. The whole idea, when you go to war, is not the question of numbers, but of strategy and how to win.”

The International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction is observed globally every October 13, but Zimbabwe’s national commemorations are being held later this year to align with local preparedness programs and community-based activities.

 

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